The actual instrument is the round thing in the middle, the rectangular machine next to it is its processor.
The black part on top-middle of the instrument is where you insert the NMR tube for sample analysis. (and that's why the orange step is placed there)
I won't go into the details of how NMR works, I'll leave that to Wikipedia.
Just to let you know the NMR spectroscopy is an important tool for organic chemists to determine a compound's structure.
For organic compound structure determination, a IR spectra, MS spectra and NMR spectra will be needed.
Tools that organic chemists use to determine molecular structures:
Mass Spectrometry - molecular size and formula
Infrared Spectroscopy - functional group present
Ultraviolet Spectroscopy - conjugated pi electro system present
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy - map of carbon-hydrogen framework
Further reading:
"High on a throne of royal state, which far outshone the wealth of Ormus and of Ind, or where the gorgeous East with richest hand show'rs on her kings barbaric pearl and gold, Satan exalted sat"
- Book II line 1-5, Paradise Lost
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